Canada’s Express Entry backlog has declined by nearly 24,000 persons since December

Canada's economic class immigration backlog stands at 231,187 people waiting on decisions for their applications, according to February 28 data provided by Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC).

At the beginning of February 2022, the economic class inventory stood at 230,573 persons, meaning the inventory grew by 614 persons. While it may seem that little progress was made last month, a closer look suggests that gains are being made, particularly among the Canadian Experience Class and Federal Skilled Worker Program inventories.

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Economic class inventory is down overall, but TR2PR program inventory is slowing progress

The number of economic class applicants in the backlog is down by 24,400 since the end of October. These gains were slowed down by increases under other economic class pathways. There were some gains in non-Express Entry PNP streams as well as the Temporary Residence to Permanent Residence (TR2PR) program. The number of base Provincial Nominee Program (PNP) applicants in IRCC's inventory grew by 4,685. Base PNPs are paper-based, meaning it takes longer to process applicants, compared to enhanced PNP streams, which are aligned with Express Entry and hence typically enjoy faster processing times since applications are submitted electronically.

The TR2PR program, which has been closed to applications since November, experienced an increase of 14,153 people between the middle of December 2021 and the end of February 2022. CIC News has reached out to IRCC for an explanation as to why the TR2PR program has experienced such a significant increase even after the program has closed. One possibility is IRCC has recently begun to review such TR2PR program applications, and hence, only now have they been counted towards the department's inventory.

	Persons (Feb.28)	Persons (Feb.1)	Persons (Dec.15)	Persons (Oct.27)
Economic Class	231,187	230,573	234,770	255,587

IRCC making major progress on CEC and FSWP inventories

Express Entry-managed program inventories are down across the board.

Express Entry has enjoyed the largest improvement among all economic class pathways, decreasing by 23,748 persons since December. The Express Entry inventory stood at 119,389 persons in December but fell to 95,641 persons by the end of February. In February alone, the Canadian Experience Class inventory fell by 3,051 persons while the Federal Skilled Worker Program inventory fell by 4,314 persons.

Future immigrants are watching these numbers closely as Express Entry draws have been paused for all but PNP candidates. The backlog in applications has pushed up processing times well beyond the standard of six months, although IRCC's website continues to report the processing standard is six months. Internal IRCC documents indicate that the department wants to reduce its inventory enough so that the processing standard can be met, then resume Express Entry draws for candidates in other programs.

Between December 15, 2021 and February 28, 2022 the number of Canadian Experience Class (CEC) applicants waiting on decisions has decreased by 12,587. The Federal Skilled Worker Program (FSWP) inventory has gone down by 9,092. This means in two and a half months, IRCC processed more FSWP applicants than it did in all of 2021. In the second half of 2021, IRCC processed about 600 FSWP applicants per month, but recent figures suggest a nearly eight-fold increase in the number of FSWP applicants now being processed per month.

IRCC slowed down FSWP processing last year so it could transition as many in-Canada immigration applicants, mainly through the CEC, to permanent resident status. The reason is the department felt this approach would help it achieve its goal of landing over 400,000 immigrants in 2021, a goal which it ultimately achieved, as it broke Canada's annual immigration record.

Assuming IRCC continues its current processing rates, the CEC backlog would fall to zero by the summer, while the FSWP backlog would be gone by the end of the year.

In February, Immigration Minister Sean Fraser indicated that Express Entry draws for skilled workers will resume in the "near future." However, no firm date has been given.

In December, the total Canadian immigration backlog was around 1.8 million across all lines of business including permanent residence, temporary residence, citizenship, and visitors. IRCC has seen its application inventory increase during the pandemic as it has tried to manage the immigration system amid a challenging operating environment. CIC News is awaiting a data request submitted to IRCC earlier this week for an update on the department's application inventory across all of its lines of business.

Under its new Immigration Levels Plan 2022-2024, Canada is looking to welcome nearly 432,000 new immigrants this year, and over 450,000 new immigrants by 2024. Higher immigration targets along with IRCC's modernization efforts should see the immigration backlog gradually decline from the highs seen during the peak of the pandemic.

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Economic class backlog

Immigration category	Persons as of Dec. 15, 2021	Persons as of Feb. 28, 2022
Agri-Food Pilot Program	747	653
Atlantic Immigration Pilot Programs	2,998	2,577
Canadian Experience Class (EE)	24,675	12,088
Canadian Experience Class (No EE)	55	84
Caring For Children Program	12,539	16,316
Federal Self Employed	4,999	5,181
Federal Skilled Workers (C-50)	223	197
Federal Skilled Workers (EE)	54,529	45,437
Federal Skilled Workers (Pre C-50)	24	23
High Medical Needs Program	29	15
Live-in Caregiver Program	1,780	1,328
Provincial/Territorial Nominees (EE)	39,325	37,484
Provincial/Territorial Nominees (No EE)	27,421	32,106
Quebec Entrepreneur	462	416
Quebec Investor	14,610	13,845
Quebec Self Employed	85	89
Quebec Skilled Workers	27,048	26,217
Rural and Northern Immigration Pilot	992	897
Skilled Trades (EE)	805	632
Skilled Trades (No EE)	9	3
Start-up Business	1,264	1,295
TR to PR	20,151	34,304
Total Economic Class	234,770	231,187